Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

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# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on the quality and composition of their raw materials. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Cotton or bamboo-based materials for premium products

Key properties: Softness, breathability, quick-drying capability

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most critical component that determines the pad’s absorption capacity. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both in varying ratios

Absorption capacity: Ranges from 10-30 times its weight in liquid

### 3. Back Sheet

The waterproof layer that prevents leakage is usually composed of:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options

Important characteristics: Liquid impermeability, flexibility, and comfort

## Additional Components

### 1. Adhesive Layers

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives for panty attachment
– Hot melt adhesives for layer bonding

### 2. Release Paper

Protects the adhesive before use, typically made from silicon-coated paper or plastic films

### 3. Wings (if applicable)

Extension flaps for better security, made from similar materials as the top sheet

## Material Properties and Considerations

### Absorption Performance

– SAP content directly affects absorption capacity
– Distribution pattern impacts absorption speed and efficiency

### Comfort Factors

– Breathability reduces skin irritation
– Flexibility ensures proper fit
– Surface texture affects skin contact comfort

### Safety Standards

All materials must be:

– Hypoallergenic
– Free from harmful chemicals
– Dermatologically tested

## Environmental Considerations

Recent developments include:

– Biodegradable top sheets from bamboo or corn starch
– Plant-based SAP alternatives
– Compostable back sheets

## Conclusion

The composition of sanitary pad raw materials significantly impacts product performance, comfort, and environmental footprint. As technology advances, we continue to see improvements in both functionality and sustainability of these essential hygiene products.